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Amenity Orientation Typology


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Created: Apr 13, 2026 at 6:54 p.m. (UTC)
Last updated: Apr 14, 2026 at 10:06 p.m. (UTC)
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Abstract

The Amenity Orientation Typology (AOT) is a county-level measure of key indicators associated with amenity driven in-migration and non-extractive natural resource dependence in 2000, 2010, and 2020. The AOT is an update and expansion of the New West-Old West Typology put forth by Winkler and co-authors in 2007. The AOT includes data related to housing, employment, education, and migration. Specifically, the AOT is a factor analysis of the following variables; 1) % of housing units valued above $200,000 in 2000, $300,000 in 2010, and $400,000 in 2020; 2) % of housing units that are for seasonal use; 3) % of population employed in FIRE (finance, insurance, real estate) industries; 4) % of population employed on extractive industries; 5) % of population employed in tourism industries; 6) % of population with a Bachelor's degree or more; and 7) % of population that migrated from another U.S. state in the previous year. Migration was obtained through IRS SOI aggregate migration data for the years 1999-2000, 2009-2010, and 2019-2020. All other data was obtained via the 2000 U.S. Census, 2010 American Community Survey 5-year Estimates, and 2020 American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

The AOT includes both a continuous factor score for all U.S. counties, as well as a typology classifying counties on a scale of "Very Low" to "Extreme" Amenity Orientation. Given that AOT analysis is still in progress, the dataset currently published on this page only contains the primary variables used to construct the AOT.

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Related Resources

The content of this resource is similar to Winkler, Richelle, Donald R. Field, A. E. Luloff, Richard S. Krannich, and Tracy Williams. 2007. “Social Landscapes of the Inter‐Mountain West: A Comparison of ‘Old West’ and ‘New West’ Communities*.” Rural Sociology 72(3):478–501. doi:10.1526/003601107781799281.

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Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
U.S. National Science Foundation SRS RN: Transforming Rural-Urban Systems: Trajectories for Sustainability in the Intermountain West 2115169

How to Cite

Theophilus, A., C. G. Flint, R. Winkler, R. Rushforth, K. Fowler, J. Ulrich-Schad (2026). Amenity Orientation Typology, HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/1ebc1d8aba1843c38c3a5b16c218bb3a

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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