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Sources of organic matter to salt marshes: Insights from Oregon, USA


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Created: Jun 16, 2024 at 8:58 p.m.
Last updated: Jun 16, 2024 at 9:15 p.m.
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Abstract

Salt marshes are important blue carbon sinks; however, identification of the drivers of carbon burial rates is challenging because estuaries sit at terrestrial and marine interfaces. Here, we address the questions: what are the sources of organic matter (OM) sequestered in Oregon salt marshes, and how do sources change through time? We characterized down-core sediment biogeochemistry (C:N, δ13C, δ15N) for the last century in seven Oregon high marshes and used a mixing model to elucidate differences in OM sources across estuaries and through time. Autochthonous biomass production consistently accounted for half of overall OM accumulation, and the remainder was allochthonous, originating from a combination of estuarine and terrestrial sources. Salt marshes with high sediment loads buried more terrestrial OM, whereas those with low loads and substantial subtidal habitat buried more estuarine-derived OM. When assessed through depth/time, stable isotope trends indicated that decomposition is not the major control. Instead, OM became increasingly more terrestrial in recent decades, especially in salt marshes with low fluvial loads. We hypothesize that salt marshes with low loads took longer to regain lost elevation following coseismic subsidence of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake than salt marshes with higher loads. This result magnifies the role of river floods in sediment and carbon accumulation on the marsh surface. Ultimately, the highest carbon burial rates coincided with highest fractions of terrestrially-sourced OM, though spatiotemporal complexities obscured any potentially significant trends. While the term “blue” typically excludes allochthonous carbon, salt marshes still perform the important ecosystem function of burying OM.

Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
Place/Area Name:
Oregon Coast
North Latitude
46.2801°
East Longitude
-123.4863°
South Latitude
43.0689°
West Longitude
-124.7649°

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Credits

Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
Oregon Sea Grant

How to Cite

Peck, E. K., M. Goni, R. Wheatcroft (2024). Sources of organic matter to salt marshes: Insights from Oregon, USA, HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/4058253204f44d5680ccd7f7ae4b1fde

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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