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| Created: | Jun 25, 2024 at 4:08 p.m. | |
| Last updated: | Jul 05, 2024 at 6:46 p.m. | |
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Abstract
Mountain meadows are ecologically important, but often degraded, groundwater dependent ecosystems that retain and store water in upland forested landscapes. They tend to occur in low-gradient, broad valleys where water slows and sediment accumulates, making them efficient locations for restoration. Over a century and a half of land use has degraded many meadows in the Sierra Nevada, reducing their hydrological and ecological functionality. Process-based restoration is a restoration approach for small, degraded mountain meadows that leverages fluvial processes and onsite materials and minimizes the use of heavy machinery. Typical restoration objectives include increasing wetted area, groundwater elevations, sediment capture, and development of multithreaded channels. These changes in hydrological functionality can lead to improved ecological function over time. This study compares surface and groundwater conditions in a degraded riparian meadow in the Sierra Nevada, California U.S.A. for one year before and after process-based restoration to understand initial changes in meadow hydrogeomorphic function. Restoration included the installation of 39 postless beaver dam analog structures in ~1 km of incised meadow channel. Stage-discharge data at the inlet and outlet of the project area were paired with groundwater data collected from 13 wells distributed across the meadow to estimate increased water storage of 3700 m3 due to restoration. After the wet winter of 2023, we estimated that pools upstream of structures filled to over half their volume with fine sediment. We also applied hydrodynamic modeling to evaluate fluvial changes at high flows and found that restoration increased flow complexity and wetted surface area. These short-term responses highlight the potential speed and ability of low-tech, process-based restoration in achieving restoration outcomes.
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